Best Non GamStop Casinos UK: Betting Platforms Reviewed

Betmica: welcome package and slots focus

Betmica sits at the top of this list on the strength of its large tiered welcome offer, a 570% match up to £5,700 plus 270 free spins. That headline figure is only useful once you set it against the wagering that unlocks it, which is where our review below spends most of its attention. Betmica reads as a slots-first casino not on gamstop, with a catalogue weighted heavily towards video slots rather than a deep sportsbook or poker room.

Pros

• Large multi-tier welcome match spread across several deposits
• Wide slots library from established studios
• Curaçao licence covers UK-facing accounts outside GAMSTOP

Cons

Kikibet: high percentage match for slots players

Kikibet offers a 350% match up to £5,555 with 300 free spins, one of the larger free spin allocations in this comparison. As with Betmica, the size of the percentage is less important than the wagering requirement and maximum stake rules attached to it, both of which we detail in the bonuses section further down this page. Kikibet positions itself as a casino not on gamstop aimed squarely at slot enthusiasts rather than sports bettors.

Pros

• Sizeable free spin allocation alongside the match bonus
• Broad slots catalogue with several volatility ranges
• Lower minimum deposit than several competitors on this page

Cons

• No verified evidence of a dedicated sportsbook product
• Withdrawal timescales are targets set by the operator, not measured results

Betninja: flat-rate bonus with fewer conditions to track

Betninja's offer is simpler to read than most on this page: a flat £1,000 bonus plus 100 free spins to all new players, rather than a percentage tied to deposit size. That structure suits readers who want to know the maximum bonus value upfront without calculating a match percentage against their own deposit.

Pros

• Fixed bonus amount is easier to compare against rivals than a percentage match
• Comparatively lower wagering requirement than the top two entries
• Established since 2021, giving a longer track record than several newer sites

Cons

• Game count is smaller than the largest catalogues on this page
• Sports betting availability is not independently confirmed

WinnerIsland: euro-denominated welcome bonus

WinnerIsland advertises its welcome bonus in euros — up to €1,000 plus 100 free spins — which UK readers should note means any conversion to pounds happens at the operator's exchange rate at the point of deposit or withdrawal, not a fixed sterling figure. This currency point matters more here than for the GBP-denominated offers elsewhere on this page.

Pros

• Broad slots range including several high-volatility titles
• Free spins included alongside the deposit match

Cons

• Euro-denominated bonus adds a currency conversion step for GBP accounts
• No verified UK-specific payment confirmation beyond general acceptance

Zombillion: themed welcome pack with a high ceiling

Zombillion's Welcome Pack runs to 250% up to £4,000 plus 200 free spins, a lower percentage than the top two entries but a still-substantial ceiling in cash terms. The brand markets itself heavily around its slots selection rather than table games or live dealer content.

Pros

• High cash ceiling on the welcome pack
• Free spin count is generous relative to the deposit required

Cons

• Live dealer range is not confirmed to the same depth as slots
• Limited published detail on maximum bonus bet during wagering

Smash Casino: the largest headline match on this page

Smash Casino advertises 600% up to €10,000 on its slots welcome package, the largest headline figure among the operators reviewed here. As with any bonus at this scale, the wagering requirement and cashout cap decide whether it is realistically achievable, rather than the percentage alone.

Pros

• Largest headline welcome package figure in this comparison
• Very large slots catalogue

Cons

• Euro-based offer requires currency conversion for GBP players
• A bonus of this size typically carries a correspondingly high wagering multiple

Nightluck: combined percentage, cash and spins offer

Nightluck bundles its welcome offer into €6,400 plus 280 free spins at 805%, the highest percentage figure quoted on this page. The three-part structure (cash cap, free spins, percentage) makes it slightly harder to compare directly against flat or single-tier offers elsewhere in this list.

Pros

• Combines a high percentage match with a substantial free spin allocation
• Solid slots range from recognised studios

Cons

• Multi-part bonus structure is harder to evaluate at a glance
• Table game and live dealer depth not independently confirmed

CoinPoker: crypto-first offer aimed at poker and card players

CoinPoker's 150% up to $2,000 bonus is the smallest headline figure on this page but comes from a brand built specifically around cryptocurrency-denominated card play, distinguishing it from the slots-led operators above. The dollar denomination is another point UK readers should note, since it implies a crypto or USD-based account rather than a native GBP one.

Pros

• Lower wagering requirement than most operators on this page
• Built around cryptocurrency deposits and withdrawals from launch
• Longer operating history than several newer entrants

Cons

• Smaller general slots catalogue than dedicated slot casinos
• Crypto-first design may not suit players who want to deposit by card

Rivo: cashback alongside the welcome match

Rivo pairs a 1000% up to €10,000 slots welcome package with 25% cashback, making it one of two operators on this page to combine a deposit match with a standing cashback element rather than free spins alone. Cashback terms typically apply to net losses over a set period rather than every deposit, so the qualifying conditions matter as much as the headline rate.

Pros

• Cashback element adds ongoing value beyond a one-off welcome match
• Large headline bonus ceiling

Cons

• Cashback qualifying conditions are not fully detailed in public terms
• High wagering multiple on the initial match component

Daytonaspin: mid-range match with a strong free spin count

Daytonaspin rounds out this list with 255% up to £4,500 plus 255 free spins, a GBP-denominated offer that avoids the currency conversion questions raised by several euro and dollar-based bonuses above. It sits in the middle of the pack for headline size but matches its percentage and free spin count, which some readers may find easier to remember and compare.

Pros

• GBP-denominated offer avoids conversion uncertainty for UK players
• Matching percentage and free spin figures are simple to compare

Cons

• Recent launch date means limited long-term track record
• Game catalogue is mid-sized relative to the largest sites reviewed here

What are casinos not on GamStop?

GAMSTOP is the UK's free self-exclusion scheme. Every operator holding a UK Gambling Commission licence must connect to it, so registering once blocks your account at every UKGC-licensed site for the period you choose. A non gamstop casino sits outside that scheme because it holds a licence from a different regulator entirely, not because it has found a technical loophole around GAMSTOP.

This distinction matters when comparing gambling sites not on gamstop against UK-licensed alternatives. An offshore casino is not automatically unsafe, but it is also not automatically safe, and readers should not treat "not on GamStop" as a marketing feature rather than a plain description of licensing status. Some sites and forums describe certain offshore operators using no-KYC claims, suggesting identity checks can be skipped entirely. Treat this scepticism carefully: most licensed operators, including those covered on this page, still run identity and source-of-funds checks before releasing withdrawals, because their own licence conditions require it. A claim of "no KYC" is not evidence that checks will never happen; it usually means checks are less consistently enforced, which is a risk rather than a benefit.

In short, the label tells you where a casino is licensed and that GAMSTOP does not reach it. It does not tell you whether the operator is trustworthy, how quickly it pays out, or whether it treats UK customers fairly. Those questions need separate answers, which the rest of this guide addresses.

How non GamStop casinos differ from UKGC-licensed casinos

The core difference between casinos not on gamstop and UK Gambling Commission operators is regulatory oversight, and that difference runs through several practical areas.

UK-licensed casinos are bound by Gambling Commission rules on advertising fairness, bonus transparency and dispute resolution through approved alternative dispute resolution (ADR) providers. If a UKGC operator treats a customer unfairly, there is a defined escalation path back to the regulator. Overseas-licensed casinos not on gamstop are bound by whichever authority issued their licence, and the strength of that recourse varies enormously between regulators, a point covered in more detail in the licensing section below.

On the practical side, non-GamStop casinos can offer larger or more flexible welcome bonuses because they are not constrained by the same UK advertising standards, which is part of why the offers on this page look larger than typical UKGC promotions. This is not automatically a benefit: larger headline bonuses often carry higher wagering requirements to match, so the eventual value to the player is not guaranteed to be better. Payment methods can also differ; some non-GamStop casinos accept cryptocurrency payments or Paysafecard where UKGC sites might restrict them, and game providers may overlap heavily, since studios like Pragmatic Play and Evolution Gaming supply content to both regulated and offshore markets.

None of this makes offshore casinos categorically worse or better than UK-licensed ones. It means the protections are structured differently, and readers weighing up online casino options need to understand which protections they are giving up, and which flexibility they are gaining, before signing up.

How we reviewed these non GamStop casinos

Assessing casinos not on gamstop starts with published information rather than firsthand account testing, since this guide draws on publicly available terms, licence registers and operator disclosures rather than deposits or withdrawals made by our team. Where a claim is the operator's own advertising rather than something independently confirmed, we say so rather than presenting it as an established fact.

Our review process for each operator on this page covered:

• Casino ownership — identifying the licensed entity behind the brand, since a single ownership group frequently operates multiple casino skins under one licence.
• Licence verification — checking the regulator named in the operator's terms and footer against that regulator's public register where one exists.
• Clarity of bonus terms — whether wagering requirements, game contribution rates, maximum bonus bets and cashout caps are stated plainly or buried in lengthy terms and conditions.
• Payment and withdrawal disclosures — what methods are listed for deposits versus withdrawals, and what minimums, fees and processing targets are published.
• Customer support access — whether live chat, email or phone support is listed and during what hours.
• Account controls — whether deposit limits, loss limits, time-outs and self-exclusion tools are available within the account settings.

A separate note on new casinos not on gamstop: several operators reviewed above launched in 2022 or 2023, which is recent by industry standards. A new non gamstop casino is not the same thing as a new gambling company; some newly launched sites are run by experienced operating groups with a track record across other brands, while others are genuinely first-time ventures. Limited operating history means fewer verifiable withdrawal reports and less time for any pattern of complaints, positive or negative, to emerge. We treat a short track record as an evidence gap rather than a red flag on its own, but readers should weigh it accordingly.

Specific red flags that would concern us in any online casino, new or established, include: a licence number that does not match the register of the regulator claimed, terms that reserve the right to void withdrawals without clear justification, an absence of any visible customer support channel, and marketing that implies guaranteed winnings. None of the operators listed on this page displayed these specific red flags in the material we reviewed, though the absence of a public complaint history for newer brands should be read as limited evidence rather than a clean record.

Common licences held by casinos not on GamStop

Online casino authorisation for offshore-facing brands comes from a small number of regulators, each with different requirements and different levels of player protection. Understanding which licence a casino not on gamstop holds is one of the more useful checks a reader can do before signing up.

Curaçao

Curaçao casinos not on gamstop are among the most common in this space. Curaçao's licensing framework was restructured in recent years, moving from a master/sub-licence model towards direct licensing of individual operators. A Curaçao licence permits an operator to accept international customers, but its consumer protection and dispute resolution mechanisms are generally considered lighter-touch than the UK Gambling Commission's framework. It remains one of the most widely held licences among gambling sites not on gamstop because it is comparatively accessible for operators to obtain.

Panama

Panama's Gaming Control Board licenses online gambling operators serving international markets. It is a longstanding jurisdiction for offshore gambling but is not typically associated with strong player-facing dispute resolution compared to European regulators.

Malta

The Malta Gaming Authority is a more established European regulator with defined player protection requirements, audit obligations and a formal complaints process. A Malta licence generally signals a more mature compliance framework than a Curaçao or Panama one, though it does not equate to a UK Gambling Commission licence or GAMSTOP coverage.

Estonia

Estonia's Tax and Customs Board issues licences under a regulated framework with defined technical and reporting standards, used by a smaller number of operators serving European markets.

Anjouan

Anjouan, part of the Union of Comoros, has emerged more recently as a licensing jurisdiction for online gambling operators. It is a newer entrant to this space, and independent evidence on its enforcement practices and player complaint outcomes remains limited.

Tobique

The Tobique Gaming Commission, associated with a First Nation in Canada, has licensed some online gambling brands. As with Anjouan, published evidence on enforcement and dispute outcomes for this licence is limited, which readers should factor into any assessment of an operator holding it.

Kahnawake

The Kahnawake Gaming Commission, based in Quebec, Canada, is a longer-established licensing body for online gambling operators, historically used by a range of international casino and poker brands. It has a longer operating history than several of the newer jurisdictions listed here.

Two checks matter regardless of which licence a casino holds. First, exact-domain matching: a licence certificate should name the precise domain you are using, since some brands operate multiple similarly named sites and only some carry a valid, current licence. Second, legal-entity checks: the company named on the licence should match the entity named in the casino's own terms and conditions. Where these do not line up, or where a licence cannot be verified against the regulator's public register at all, that is a meaningful gap in the evidence available to a reader, not a technicality to overlook.

Casino bonuses at non GamStop casinos: what the terms actually mean

Casino bonuses are the headline feature on most best casinos not on gamstop lists, including the offers shown above, but the percentage or cash figure quoted is only the starting point. The conditions attached decide what a bonus is worth in practice.

Welcome bonuses

Welcome bonuses are typically the largest single promotion a casino offers, often structured as a percentage match on a player's first deposit or spread across the first few deposits, as with several operators reviewed above. The percentage figure (250%, 570%, 1000% and so on) tells you the multiple applied to your deposit, not the final amount you can actually withdraw, which depends on wagering requirements and cashout caps.

Deposit bonuses

Deposit bonuses beyond the initial welcome offer work the same way: a match percentage applied to a qualifying deposit, usually smaller than the welcome tier and sometimes tied to a specific day of the week or a reload promotion.

Free spins

Free spins are typically restricted to specific slot titles rather than the full catalogue, and winnings from them are usually credited as bonus funds subject to the same wagering requirement as a cash bonus, rather than as withdrawable cash outright.

No-deposit bonuses

No-deposit bonuses give a small amount of bonus funds or free spins without requiring a deposit first. These typically carry the highest wagering requirements of any bonus type, and a low maximum cashout cap, because the operator is giving away value with no matching deposit from the player.

Cashback bonuses

Cashback bonuses, such as the 25% offered by Rivo alongside its welcome match, return a percentage of net losses over a defined period, typically a week. Cashback usually carries a lower wagering requirement than a deposit match, since it is calculated on money already lost rather than a fresh deposit.

Loyalty rewards

Loyalty rewards accumulate through ongoing play, typically as points converting into bonus funds, free spins or cashback tiers. Evidence on the specific structure of loyalty programmes across the operators on this page is limited to general programme descriptions rather than published point-conversion tables.

Worked wagering example

Take a £100 deposit matched at 100% with a 40x wagering requirement applied to deposit plus bonus (a common structure, though some operators apply wagering to the bonus amount only, which is considerably easier to clear). At 40x on £200 total, a player would need to wager £8,000 in qualifying stakes before withdrawing. If slots contribute 100% towards wagering but table games contribute only 10%, £100 staked on blackjack only counts as £10 towards that requirement. A maximum bonus bet, commonly £5 or £10 per spin while wagering is active, restricts how quickly a player can attempt to clear it, and placing a stake above that limit can void the bonus entirely under many operators' terms. Bonus expiry dates, often 7 to 30 days, add further pressure, and a cashout cap (for example, limiting bonus winnings to £500 regardless of the multiple won) sets the ceiling on the outcome even if wagering is fully cleared.

Payment methods at non GamStop casinos

Deposit availability and withdrawal availability are not the same thing at any online casino, and this distinction is especially important for gambling sites not on gamstop, where payment providers may restrict which services they support for offshore-licensed operators.

Debit card payments

Debit card payments remain the most familiar deposit method for UK players. Deposits are typically processed instantly. Withdrawals back to a card can take longer and are not universally supported by every non-GamStop operator, since some card processors decline transactions linked to offshore gambling licences.

Bank transfers

Bank transfers work for both deposits and withdrawals at most operators but are slower for deposits than a card or e-wallet, typically taking one to three working days to clear before funds appear in the casino account.

E-wallets

E-wallets offer fast deposits and, where supported, fast withdrawals. Availability varies by operator, and PayPal availability specifically is limited among casinos not on gamstop, since PayPal's terms of service restrict its use to gambling operators holding specific licences that most offshore brands do not hold. Readers looking specifically for PayPal-compatible casinos should not assume it is supported without checking the operator's own payments page directly.

Prepaid vouchers (Paysafecard)

Paysafecard casinos not on gamstop use prepaid voucher codes purchased in advance, deposited without exposing a bank account or card. This suits players who want to cap their deposit exactly at the voucher's value. Paysafecard is a deposit-only method at most operators; it cannot be used to receive a withdrawal, so a separate method must be used for cashing out.

Cryptocurrency payments

Cryptocurrency payments, including Bitcoin and other coins, are supported at several non-GamStop casinos and are central to CoinPoker's model in particular. Crypto deposits and withdrawals can be faster than fiat methods since they bypass traditional banking processing, though value can fluctuate with the underlying currency's exchange rate between deposit and withdrawal.

On currency more broadly: a genuine GBP account means deposits, balance and withdrawals are all held and processed in pounds sterling with no conversion step. Several operators on this page instead operate primarily in EUR or USD, meaning a UK player's card or bank issuer performs the currency conversion, often with its own exchange rate margin added on top of anything the casino applies. Payment fees vary by method and operator; where a fee is not disclosed, that should be treated as an open question to raise with support before depositing, not assumed to be zero.

Withdrawals, KYC and account restrictions

A withdrawal request passes through two separate stages, and non-GamStop casinos are not exempt from either. The first is casino approval: the operator checks the request against its own terms, confirms wagering has cleared, and runs or confirms identity verification. The second is payment settlement: the time the payment provider or bank actually takes to move funds once the casino has approved the request. A casino advertising fast processing is describing the first stage only; the second stage depends on the payment method and is outside the casino's control.

KYC and identity verification (proof of identity, address and sometimes proof of payment method) is standard practice even at offshore-licensed casinos, and claims that a site requires "no KYC" should be treated cautiously rather than as a selling point. Source-of-funds checks, where a casino asks for evidence of where deposited money came from, are increasingly common for larger transactions or bigger withdrawals, mirroring anti-money-laundering requirements applied across the wider gambling industry.

Withdrawal limits typically apply as a maximum amount payable per day, week or month, separate from any bonus-specific cashout cap. These limits are usually stated in an operator's terms and can catch out players who win an amount that exceeds the standard cap, resulting in the balance being paid out in instalments over several processing cycles rather than as one lump sum.

Common causes of withdrawal delay include incomplete verification documents, a withdrawal request made while a bonus's wagering requirement is still active, a mismatch between the payment method used to deposit and the one requested for withdrawal, or a request that exceeds the daily or monthly limit. None of these are unique to gambling sites not on gamstop, but the complaint routes available if a dispute arises differ: UKGC-licensed operators must offer access to an approved ADR service, while non-GamStop casinos' escalation routes depend entirely on their issuing licence, as covered in the licensing section above. Where a withdrawal dispute cannot be resolved directly with an operator's support team, a player's options are typically limited to the regulator that issued the casino's licence, and the strength of that route varies considerably between Curaçao, Malta, Kahnawake and the other licences discussed earlier.

Games not on GamStop: slots, live tables and RTP

Slots not on GamStop

Slots dominate the catalogues of every operator reviewed on this page, from Betmica's 3,500-plus titles to Smash Casino's 4,500-plus. Games not on gamstop from providers like Pragmatic Play and Novomatic are frequently the same base titles available at UKGC-licensed casinos, though it is worth noting that a specific slot can exist in different versions with different return-to-player (RTP) settings depending on the market and operator agreement, so a title's RTP is not automatically identical everywhere it appears. Volatility, meaning how often and how large a slot pays out, ranges from low-volatility games that pay small wins frequently to high-volatility titles that pay rarely but potentially larger. None of the operators on this page published a full, verifiable RTP list for their individual slot titles at the time of research, so specific per-game RTP figures should be checked in-game rather than assumed from marketing copy.

Live dealer and table games

Live dealer games, streamed from studios with real dealers, are a standard feature across most modern online casino platforms, typically supplied by providers such as Evolution Gaming. Blackjack, roulette and baccarat are the three table games most consistently offered in both live-dealer and standard RNG (random number generator) formats. Blackjack variants differ in rule sets (number of decks, dealer-stand rules, side bets), roulette comes in European, American and French formats with different house edges, and baccarat is typically offered in Punto Banco format online. Table game contribution to bonus wagering is usually far lower than slots contribution, often 10% or less, a point covered in the bonuses section above and worth checking before choosing to clear a wagering requirement through table play.

Mobile casino games are standard across this market; all operators reviewed here present their game libraries through browser-based mobile-optimised platforms rather than a native downloadable app in most cases, though we did not independently test device-specific performance for each brand.

A large advertised game count or a row of recognisable provider logos on a casino's homepage is not, by itself, proof of game quality or fair RTP. It indicates breadth of content licensing agreements, which is a reasonable starting point for comparison but not a substitute for checking individual game information and terms.

Casino software providers behind the games

The game providers supplying the operators on this page are largely the same well-known studios found across the wider online casino software industry. Pragmatic Play appears across the majority of the casinos reviewed here and is one of the most prolific slot developers supplying both UKGC-licensed and offshore markets. Evolution Gaming is the dominant name in live dealer content, supplying blackjack, roulette and baccarat tables to several operators listed above, including Betmica, Betninja, Smash Casino, Nightluck and CoinPoker.

Novomatic, known for classic and modern slot titles with roots in physical gaming machines, supplies several of the reviewed brands, as does NetEnt, a long-established studio known for its slot and table game range. Playtech, one of the largest publicly listed gambling software companies, supplies WinnerIsland among others. Play'n GO, known for a broad slots catalogue including several branded titles, supplies multiple operators on this page, and Big Time Gaming, the studio behind the Megaways mechanic used across many high-volatility slots, is credited at WinnerIsland specifically. Microgaming, one of the oldest names in online slot development and historically associated with progressive jackpot networks, supplies several of the reviewed casinos as well.

Provider variety across a casino's catalogue is a reasonable signal of content breadth, but it does not on its own confirm the specific RTP or fairness of any individual game as offered on a particular site, since licensing agreements and regional game versions can differ.

Sports betting at non GamStop casinos

Not every casino not on gamstop offers a sportsbook, and this page does not assume otherwise. Where a casino operates a combined casino and sportsbook account, both products typically share a single wallet and login, meaning a deposit made for casino play is equally available for sports betting and vice versa, and a single balance is used across both. Among the operators reviewed above, evidence of a dedicated sportsbook product is not confirmed for most brands, whose public marketing and terms focus predominantly on slots and casino games rather than sports markets. Readers specifically looking for betting sites not on gamstop with sports betting should verify sportsbook availability directly with the operator before assuming it exists, since a casino-led brand does not automatically include one.

Where sports betting is available at a combined operator, typical features include pre-match and in-play betting (wagering before or during a live event), single bets and accumulators (combining multiple selections into one bet with combined odds), and bet builders, which let a player combine several markets within a single match into one bet. Cash-out, where offered, allows settling a bet before the event finishes for a value calculated by the operator based on the current state of play.

Sports free bets differ from casino bonuses in structure. A free bet typically requires a minimum qualifying odds threshold (commonly around 1.50 or higher in decimal odds) on the qualifying bet, and any winnings from a free bet usually exclude the stake itself, meaning only the profit is paid out rather than stake plus profit as with a normal bet. Expiry periods and eligible markets for free bets are set independently of any casino wagering requirement, so the two reward types should not be assumed to work the same way even when offered by the same combined account.

Self-exclusion at casinos not on GamStop

Registering with GAMSTOP is a decision made for a reason, and this page does not present non-GamStop casinos as a way around it. If you have self-excluded through GAMSTOP, opening an account at a casino not on gamstop does not remove the reasons that led to that decision, and doing so bypasses a protection you chose for yourself.

Non-GamStop casinos typically offer their own account controls independent of the UK scheme, including deposit limits, loss limits, session time-outs and self-exclusion periods set directly through account settings. Whether these controls extend across linked brands under the same ownership group, or cover a shared sportsbook product where one exists, depends entirely on the individual operator's systems, and this is rarely stated with enough clarity in public terms to confirm across every brand on this page. A self-exclusion set at one operator, whether through GAMSTOP or directly with a casino, does not automatically apply to a different, unrelated brand.

GAMSTOP exclusion periods run for a minimum of six months, with one year and five year options also available, and readers reaching the end of a chosen period are given the choice to extend it rather than being removed automatically. Independent support remains available throughout and after any exclusion period: GamCare operates the National Gambling Helpline, offering free and confidential advice, and gambling blocking software (tools that restrict access to gambling sites and apps at a device level, separate from GAMSTOP itself) is available as an additional layer of control for anyone who wants it.

Choosing between these operators

The clearest way to distinguish between the casinos reviewed on this page is by matching their bonus structure, wagering requirement, payment methods and currency to your own priorities, rather than by headline percentage alone. A GBP-denominated offer with a moderate wagering requirement, such as Daytonaspin's or Betninja's, may suit a UK reader better than a larger euro-based match that adds a currency conversion step. Readers prioritising cryptocurrency should look specifically at CoinPoker's structure, while those wanting an added cashback layer beyond a one-off match may prefer Rivo. Genuine uncertainties remain across this market, including limited independent evidence on withdrawal speed, sportsbook availability at several brands, and loyalty programme structures, and we have flagged these rather than filled the gaps with assumption. Get in touch with our team using our contact page if you have questions about this comparison.